Art of Assembly Language: Chapter One

Chapter One - Data Representation
1.0 - Chapter Overview
1.1 - Numbering Systems
1.1.1 - A Review of the Decimal System
1.1.2 - The Binary Numbering System
1.1.3 - Binary Formats
1.2 - Data Organization
1.2.1 - Bits
1.2.2 - Nibbles
1.2.3 - Bytes
1.2.4 - Words
1.2.5 - Double Words
1.3 - The Hexadecimal Numbering System
1.4 - Arithmetic Operations on Binary and Hexadecimal Numbers
1.5 - Logical Operations on Bits
1.6 - Logical Operations on Binary Numbers and Bit Strings
1.7 - Signed and Unsigned Numbers
1.8 - Sign and Zero Extension
1.9 - Shifts and Rotates
1.10 - Bit Fields and Packed Data
1.11 - The ASCII Character Set

1.12 Summary
1.13 Laboratory Exercises
1.13.1 Installing the Software
1.13.2 Data Conversion Exercises
1.13.3 Logical Operations Exercises
1.13.4 Sign and Zero Extension Exercises
1.13.5 Packed Data Exercises
1.14 Questions
1.15 Programming Projects


Chapter Two - Boolean Algebra
2.0 - Chapter Overview
2.1 - Boolean Algebra
2.2 - Boolean Functions and Truth Tables
2.3 - Algebraic Manipulation of Boolean Expressions
2.4 - Canonical Forms
2.5 - Simplification of Boolean Functions
2.6 - What Does This Have To Do With Computers, Anyway?
2.6.1 - Correspondence Between Electronic Circuits and Boolean Functions
2.6.2 - Combinatorial Circuits
2.6.3 - Sequential and Clocked Logic
2.7 - Okay, What Does It Have To Do With Programming, Then?
2.8 - Generic Boolean Functions

2.9 Laboratory Exercises
2.9.1 Truth Tables and Logic Equations Exercises
2.9.2 Canonical Logic Equations Exercises
2.9.3 Optimization Exercises
2.9.4 Logic Evaluation Exercises
2.10 Programming Projects
2.11 Summary
2.12 Questions


Chapter Three - System Organization
3.0 - Chapter Overview
3.1 - The Basic System Components
3.1.1 - The System Bus
3.1.1.1 - The Data Bus
3.1.1.2 - The Address Bus
3.1.1.3 - The Control Bus
3.1.2 - The Memory Subsystem
3.1.3 - The I/O Subsystem
3.2 - System Timing
3.2.1 - The System Clock
3.2.2 - Memory Access and the System Clock
3.2.3 - Wait States
3.2.4 - Cache Memory
3.3 - The 886, 8286, 8486, and 8686 "Hypothetical" Processors
3.3.1 - CPU Registers
3.3.2 - The Arithmetic & Logical Unit
3.3.3 - The Bus Interface Unit
3.3.4 - The Control Unit and Instruction Sets
3.3.5 - The x86 Instruction Set
3.3.6 - Addressing Modes on the x86
3.3.7 - Encoding x86 Instructions
3.3.8 - Step-by-Step Instruction Execution
3.3.9 - The Differences Between the x86 Processors
3.3.10 - The 886 Processor
3.3.11 - The 8286 Processor
3.3.12 - The 8486 Processor
3.3.12.1 - The 8486 Pipeline
3.3.12.2 - Stalls in a Pipeline
3.3.12.3 - Cache, the Prefetch Queue, and the 8486
3.3.12.4 - Hazards on the 8486
3.3.13 - The 8686 Processor
3.4 - I/O (Input/Output)
3.5 - Interrupts and Polled I/O


3.6 Laboratory Exercises
3.6.1 The SIMx86 Program - Some Simple x86 Programs
3.6.2 Simple I/O-Mapped Input/Output Operations
3.6.3 Memory Mapped I/O
3.6.4 DMA Exercises
3.6.5 Interrupt Driven I/O Exercises
3.6.6 Machine Language Programming & Instruction Encoding Exercises
3.6.7 Self Modifying Code Exercises
3.7 Programming Projects
3.8 Summary
3.9 Questions


Chapter Four - Memory Layout and Access
4.0 - Chapter Overview
4.1 - The 80x86 CPUs:A Programmer's View
4.1.1 - 8086 General Purpose Registers
4.1.2 - 8086 Segment Registers
4.1.3 - 8086 Special Purpose Registers
4.1.4 - 80286 Registers
4.1.5 - 80386/80486 Registers
4.2 - 80x86 Physical Memory Organization
4.3 - Segments on the 80x86
4.4 - Normalized Addresses on the 80x86
4.5 - Segment Registers on the 80x86
4.6 - The 80x86 Addressing Modes
4.6.1 - 8086 Register Addressing Modes
4.6.2 - 8086 Memory Addressing Modes
4.6.2.1 - The Displacement Only Addressing Mode
4.6.2.2 - The Register Indirect Addressing Modes
4.6.2.3 - Indexed Addressing Modes
4.6.2.4 - Based Indexed Addressing Modes
4.6.2.5 - Based Indexed Plus Displacement Addressing Mode
4.6.2.6 - MASM Syntax for 8086 Memory Addressing Modes
4.6.2.7 - An Easy Way to Remember the 8086 Memory Addressing Modes
4.6.2.8 - Some Final Comments About 8086 Addressing Modes
4.6.3 - 80386 Register Addressing Modes
4.6.4 - 80386 Memory Addressing Modes
4.6.4.1 - Register Indirect Addressing Modes
4.6.4.2 - 80386 Indexed, Base/Indexed, and Base/Indexed/Disp Addressing Modes
4.6.4.3 - 80386 Scaled Indexed Addressing Modes
4.6.4.4 - Some Final Notes About the 80386 Memory Addressing Modes
4.7 - The 80x86 MOV Instruction
4.8 - Some Final Comments on the MOV Instructions

4.9 Laboratory Exercises
4.9.1 The UCR Standard Library for 80x86 Assembly Language Programmers
4.9.2 Editing Your Source Files
4.9.3 The SHELL.ASM File
4.9.4 Assembling Your Code with MASM
4.9.5 Debuggers and CodeView'
4.9.5.1 A Quick Look at CodeView
4.9.5.2 The Source Window
4.9.5.3 The Memory Window
4.9.5.4 The Register Window
4.9.5.5 The Command Window
4.9.5.6 The Output Menu Item
4.9.5.7 The CodeView Command Window
4.9.5.7.1 The Radix Command (N)
4.9.5.7.2 The Assemble Command
4.9.5.7.3 The Compare Memory Command
4.9.5.7.4 The Dump Memory Command
4.9.5.7.5 The Enter Command
4.9.5.7.6 The Fill Memory Command
4.9.5.7.7 The Move Memory Command
4.9.5.7.8 The Input Command
4.9.5.7.9 The Output Command
4.9.5.7.10 The Quit Command
4.9.5.7.11 The Register Command
4.9.5.7.12 The Unassemble Command
4.9.5.8 CodeView Function Keys
4.9.5.9 Some Comments on CodeView Addresses
4.9.5.10 A Wrap on CodeView
4.9.6 Laboratory Tasks
4.10 Programming Projects
4.11 Summary
4.12 Questions